Kazakhstan, the world’s largest landlocked country, is a treasure trove of natural wonders, offering a diverse landscape that ranges from towering mountains to serene lakes, sprawling steppes to lush forests. Its national parks are a testament to this diversity, preserving unique ecosystems and providing havens for wildlife and adventure seekers alike. Below, we explore the top 10 national parks in Kazakhstan, each offering a distinct experience for nature lovers, hikers, and cultural enthusiasts.

1. Altyn-Emel National Park

Located in the Almaty Region, Altyn-Emel National Park spans over 460,000 hectares and is renowned for its otherworldly landscapes. The park’s highlight is the Singing Dunes, a 150-meter-high sand dune that emits a haunting, melodic hum when the wind blows. Visitors can also explore the Besshatyr Burial Mounds, ancient Saka tombs that offer a glimpse into Kazakhstan’s rich history. The park’s diverse fauna includes the rare goitered gazelle and wild asses, making it a paradise for wildlife enthusiasts.

2. Kolsai Lakes National Park

Nestled in the Tian Shan Mountains, Kolsai Lakes National Park is famous for its trio of turquoise lakes, often referred to as the “Pearls of Tien Shan.” These glacier-fed lakes are surrounded by dense coniferous forests and snow-capped peaks, creating a postcard-perfect setting. Hiking trails connect the lakes, offering breathtaking views and opportunities to spot wildlife like ibex and marmots. The nearby Kaindy Lake, with its submerged forest of spruce trees, is another must-visit gem within the park.

3. Charyn Canyon National Park

Often compared to the Grand Canyon, Charyn Canyon National Park is a geological marvel located in the Almaty Region. The park’s dramatic red rock formations, sculpted by the Charyn River over millions of years, stretch for 154 kilometers. The Valley of Castles, a section of the canyon with towering, castle-like rock formations, is a favorite among photographers and hikers. The park also supports diverse flora and fauna, including rare species like the Sogdian ash.

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4. Ile-Alatau National Park

Just a short drive from Almaty, Ile-Alatau National Park is a haven for outdoor enthusiasts. Covering 200,000 hectares, the park encompasses the northern slopes of the Tian Shan Mountains, with peaks like Talgar reaching over 4,900 meters. The park is home to glaciers, alpine meadows, and pristine rivers, as well as wildlife such as snow leopards and bears. Popular activities include trekking to the Big Almaty Lake and skiing in the nearby Shymbulak resort during winter.

5. Katon-Karagay National Park

Located in East Kazakhstan, Katon-Karagay is the country’s largest national park, spanning over 643,000 hectares. This park is a biodiversity hotspot, with dense forests, alpine meadows, and the majestic Belukha Mountain, the highest peak in the Altai Range. The park is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, home to rare species like the Altai argali sheep and the elusive snow leopard. Visitors can explore traditional Kazakh villages and enjoy horseback riding through scenic trails.

6. Burabay National Park

Known as the “Kazakh Switzerland,” Burabay National Park in the Akmola Region is famous for its crystal-clear lakes, granite rock formations, and lush pine forests. The park’s centerpiece, Lake Burabay, is surrounded by whimsical rock formations like the Sphinx and the Three Sisters. Local legends add a mystical charm to the area, making it a favorite for both nature lovers and those interested in Kazakh folklore. Hiking, boating, and birdwatching are popular activities here.

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7. Bayanaul National Park

Bayanaul National Park, located in the Pavlodar Region, is one of Kazakhstan’s oldest national parks, established in 1985. The park’s unique granite rock formations, serene lakes like Sabyndykol, and pine forests create a picturesque landscape. It’s a haven for birdwatchers, with over 200 bird species, including the black stork. The park also offers opportunities for rock climbing and camping, making it ideal for adventure seekers looking to escape urban life.

8. Ustyurt National Park

Situated in western Kazakhstan, Ustyurt National Park is a starkly beautiful desert landscape known for its dramatic limestone cliffs and vast plateaus. The park is part of the Ustyurt Plateau, which stretches into Uzbekistan, and is home to rare species like the saiga antelope and the Ustyurt wolf. The otherworldly scenery, including chalk-white cliffs and salt flats, makes it a unique destination for photographers and geologists.

9. Zhongar-Alatau National Park

Located in the Almaty and East Kazakhstan regions, Zhongar-Alatau National Park is a rugged wilderness of mountains, forests, and rivers. The park is a sanctuary for endangered species like the Tian Shan brown bear and the snow leopard. Its remote location offers a sense of untouched beauty, with hiking trails leading to stunning vistas and waterfalls. The park also preserves archaeological sites, including ancient petroglyphs, adding a cultural dimension to visits.

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10. Sayram-Ugam National Park

In the Turkestan Region, Sayram-Ugam National Park is a biodiversity hotspot in the Western Tian Shan Mountains. The park’s lush valleys, alpine meadows, and rivers are home to over 1,600 plant species and animals like the Siberian ibex. The Sayram Lake, a turquoise gem at 3,300 meters, is a highlight, offering stunning views and serene hiking trails. The park’s proximity to the ancient city of Shymkent makes it an excellent base for combining nature and culture.

Conclusion

Kazakhstan’s national parks are a testament to the country’s commitment to preserving its natural and cultural heritage. From the Singing Dunes of Altyn-Emel to the turquoise lakes of Kolsai and the dramatic cliffs of Ustyurt, each park offers a unique window into the nation’s diverse landscapes. Whether you’re a hiker, wildlife enthusiast, or cultural explorer, these parks provide endless opportunities for adventure and discovery. Plan your visit to experience the untamed beauty of Kazakhstan’s natural wonders.

Image Credits- Charyn Canyon National Park